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Non-Native Phragmites in the Great Lakes Region What's New | Overview | Studies/Management Plans | Federal Resources | State/Provincial Resources Current invaders:
Crustaceans: Rusty Crayfish | Spiny Water FleaFish: Goby (Round) | Goby (Tubenose) | Rudd | Ruffe | Sea Lamprey | White Perch Mollusks: Quagga Mussel | Zebra Mussel Plants: Curly-leaf Pondweed | Eurasian Watermilfoil | Phragmites (non-native) | Purple Loosestrife Viruses: Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSv) Potential invaders:
Fish: Asian Carp [Invasive species home page] 
What's New Controlled burn set for Macatawa Marsh to fight phragmites The Holland Sentinel (3/29) The battle against invasive species in Holland will again heat up, quite literally, in the next week or two as a prescribed burn has been planned for the Macatawa Marsh to combat invasive Phragmites. Webinar: Multiscale Phragmites Mapping and its Applications (1/25) Register now for "Multiscale Phragmites Mapping and its Applications," a webinar taking place on Feb. 6. This webinar will provide an overview of why mapping Phragmites is important, the value of different scales of analysis or focus and the types of data people should think about. Tech researchers map invasive plants in Great Lakes wetlands Upper Peninsula's Second Wave (1/23) Researchers at Michigan Technological University are looking into phragmites australis, an invasive plant that's been spotted in the wetland areas of the Great Lakes. Battle continues against non-native plants in EUP Sault Ste. Marie Evening News (1/23) Invasive plants have established a firm toehold in the Eastern Upper Peninsula, according to Cooperative Weed Management Area (CWMA) Coordinator Nick Cassel. Money needed for phragmites fight 97.9 The Beach - Port Elgin, ON (1/13) Lake Huron Centre for Coastal Conservation says the battle against invasive plant species along the lakeshore is far from over and calls for more funding to fight phragmites. Phragmites grant in Port Franks, Ont. Bayshore Broadcasting (1/9) Ontario has issued a 23-thousand dollar grant to The Port Franks Community Phragmites Control Project to control and hopefully eliminate the common reed that grows near the Lake Huron shore.
Overview There are varieties of phragmites native to the Great Lakes region, but these grow more slowly and less aggressively than the non-native strain thought to have originated in Europe. Since introduction, the non-native strain of phragmites has spread pervasively through the Great Lakes region and other regions of the United States by both natural and human-driven dispersal mechanisms. Due to its dense growth both above and below ground, phragmites can create stands 10-15 feet in height that effectively crowd and shade out native wetland and coastal species. As native assemblages are replaced by phragmites, species diversity is reduced and wildlife habitat quality is degraded. Dense phragmites stands can even alter the hydrologic regime of invaded wetlands by increasing evaporation and trapping sediment. Economic impacts of invasive phragmites infestations include reductions in property values and revenue loss from impacted recreational activities due to impeded access to coastal areas and restricted views. Photo credit: 2008 Fact Sheet: Giant Reed, Plant Conservation Alliance, Alien Plant Working Group.  View full, print-ready factsheet
Studies, Assessments and Management Plans A Guide to the Control and Management of Invasive Phragmites Michigan Department of Natural Resources and Environment This document provides phragmites management guidance to land and resources managers. Assessment Results: Phragmites Australis in Indiana’s Natural Areas Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Invasive Plant Species Assessment Work Group This assessment analyzes different aspects of phragmites management in Indiana, including: invasion status, ecological impacts of invasion, potential for expansion, difficulty of management, and commercial value. Clay Township Phragmites Management Plan Clay Township, St. Clair County, Michigan This long-term management plan is an example of actions at the local government level to coordinate and improve management and control of invasive phragmites on private property. Fighting Invasive Phragmites The Beaver Island Association This website and video tell the story of a phragmites rapid response initiative on Beaver Island, Michigan, located in northern Lake Michigan. Meeting the Challenge of Invasive Plants: A Framework for Action Michigan DNR, Wildlife Division This document assesses the status of invasive plants in Michigan and outlines a strategy to address their negative impacts to wildlife. Online factsheet: Phragmites: Common Reed Cornell University, Ecology and Management of Invasive Plants Program Researchers at Cornell University are investigating potential biological control methods for use in phragmites management. Their website also contains information on a free diagnostic service to assist in distinguishing between native and non-native phragmites. Phragmites Control Plan U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service This document outlines a management plan for phragmites in the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge in Utah. Recommendations: Phragmites Australis in Indiana’s Natural Areas Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Invasive Plant Species Assessment Work Group This assessment analyzes different aspects of phragmites management in Indiana, including: invasion status, ecological impacts of invasion, potential for expansion, difficulty of management, and commercial value. Recommendations are provided to various government entities and stakeholder groups. Report: Common Reed USDA Forest Service Publication FHTET-2002-04 This report summarizes research into natural insect enemies of phragmites and makes recommendations for future work. Report: Control of Phragmites in a Michigan Great Lakes Marsh U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS Getsinger, K.D., LS. Nelson, L.A.M. Glomski, E. Kafcas, J. Schafer, S. Kogge, and M. Nurse. 2007. This report presents the results of small- and large-scale invasive phragmites treatment demonstrations, comparing and assessing outcomes from different treatment regimes and providing recommendations.
U.S. and Canadian Federal Resources Fact sheet: General Information on Phragmites Plant Conservation Alliance, Alien Plant Working Group This fact sheet includes an illustrated guide for distinguishing native and alien phragmites species. GRIN Taxonomy for Plants: Phragmites australis USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area - Germplasm Resources Information Network Online factsheet: Common reed, Phragmites australis Environment Canada Phragmites australis USDA Forest Service, Fire Effects Information System Phragmites australis Article Citation Search USDA National Agricultural Library - AGRICOLA Database PLANTS Profile: Phragmites australis (common reed) United States Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service Species Profile: Common Reed U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Invasive Species Information Center Training Module: Managing Invasive Plants: Concepts, Principles, and Practices U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Refuge System This training module for USFWS staff contains excellent information on formulating invasive plant management plans, the importance of assessments and monitoring in invasive plant management, and commonly-used management and control techniques. State and Provincial Resources Control and Management of Invasive Phragmites Michigan DEQ Factsheet: Common/Giant Reed Indiana Department of Natural Resources Invasive Plant Species Fact Sheet: Common Reed (Phragmites australis) Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Invasive Plant Species Assessment Work Group Invasive Plants of Ohio: Common reed grass Ohio Department of Natural Resources Online factsheet: Common Reed (Phragmites australis) Illinois-Indiana Sea Grant, Exotic Aquatics on the Move Online factsheet: Common reed: Phragmites australis Pennsylvania Dept. of Conservation and Natural Resources Online factsheet: Phragmites (Phragmites australis) Michigan Invasive Species Information Network Online factsheet: Phragmites australis (Common reed grass) Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Bureau of Watershed Management The Common Reed (Phragmites Australis): A Threat to Quebec’s Wetlands? Ducks Unlimited Canada Report prepared for the Government of Quebec’s Interministerial Committee on the Common Reed and for Ducks Unlimited Canada
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